An International Symposium on “Paul in His Jewish Matrix” was held in Rome, Italy on May 20-22, 2009. It was organized by Cardinal Bea Centre for Judaic Center of the Pontifical Gregorian University, in collaboration with the Pontifical Biblical Institute, the Centre for the Study of Christianity of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Catholic University of Leuven and the Papal Basilica of St Paul Outside the Walls.